How about the lovely "anti-clockwise" spiral galaxy #
And what the heck is 587724650870538306 ? Is it a galactic cluster?
You can find the image at http://cas.sdss.org/astro/en/tools/chart/chart.asp?ra=175.88553372&dec=23.86942981.
587738947740041304. We can't tell if it is a spiral or an elliptical galaxy. Please write a comment if you have answers. You can also find the image at http://cas.sdss.org/astro/en/tools/chart/chart.asp?ra=137.19807203&dec=29.86477578.
If one takes the latest information and percentages of the distribution of mass, dark matter and dark energy in the universe, one sees at once that 95% of the universe is composed of currently undefined material(s) and energy. Only something like 4.83% of the Universe is composed of known materials.
Is macroscopic space defined by the interactions of these proposed microscopic "cells' defined by the previous description of a subatomic particle? (See above image). Is macroscopic space built-up in this way by microscopic space? Do Planck dimensions have an effect on larger spatial dimensions, including the elucidation of time and timelike curvature in spatial dimensions?
And further still, do the "mysterious" dimensions then "cancel out" and disappear into the known dimensions of space and time (see image below)? Is this how the large scale structure of reality is created?
Blogger image of this graphic is to the left? Can't see it? Contact Google - don't even bother trying to contact Blogger.
This article is only a stub (to borrow the parlance from Wikipedia).Recently, researchers at the UC Riverside have made the discovery that anthraquinone molecules when coated onto a clean copper substrate, self-organize.
We wanted to comment on this sooner, but technical problems with Blogger and developing a suitable graphic, prevented this.
The reason for our concern is this; how does the shape of this self-organizing structure reflect the shape of space at the molecular level? Molecular forces of attraction and repulsion at this scale seem considerable. Do these forces have anything to say about the spatial structure - are molecular structure and spatial structure somehow connected at the molecular level? If so, is this connection due to the quantum forces present in the copper and anthraquinone atoms? Do these forces influence the shape of space - at this level - as in General Relativity?
Notum Bonum: This idea is hardly original. See Physorg.com comments section for August 17, 2006 under this topic.
In our last post, we delved into the subject of the "Fine Structure Constant" and just how much can the "FS Constant" deviate before the (our) Universe comes apart and decouples - thus causing the cessation of existence?
Naturally, we resorted to the great works of giants such as Steven Weinberg (see "The First Three Minutes").
In his classic, rigorous physical description of the "Frames" (hence we shall refer to these as the "Weinberg Framework") of the changing nature and temperature of the universe we find that the Universe has been evolving. Hypothesis: If the Planck Temperature (or Universal Temperature) has been decreasing since the first microseconds of the Universe, how has the FS Constant changed over this time.
To determine the dependency of the FS Constant (also known as "alpha"), we used the formula for the so-called Planck Temperature and used it to relate to a "Universal temperature" over the first six (and only) frames of the Weinberg Framework. Using this relationship, we developed an equation to describe the variation in the FS Constant over this time. (See bitmap diagram below).
This equation is dependent if and only if ("iff") the electronic charge, the speed of light, the Gravitational constant and the permittivity of free space are unvarying and unchanging throughout this time.
Using this hypothetical basis, one can "calculate" new values for the FS Constant over the Weinberg Framework first six frames of the Universe since the Big Bang. These will be given in the bitmap chart below:
These are purely hypothetical calculated values for the FS Constant over the Weinberg Framework frames 1 through 6.
Which gave us an opportunity to develop a log equation and graph attempting to demonstrate the relationship of the Planck Temperature/"Universal temperature" over the early time frames of the Universe. See below:
Where y = -6E+63Ln(x) + 3E+64 (Where the "R-squared" value is only a miserable 0.4032, but this is only a trendline analysis and not an actual data-fit curve).
Addendum (as of 9/11/2006): If it is possible that alpha has varied logarithmically over the first several cosmic decades...is this a new definition for inflation?
Was the expansion of the universe exponential as a result of the relatively rapid changes in the relationships of the Fine Structure Constant? This seems paradoxical as the Universe was expanding and cooling at the same time.
What is intriguing to us about this constant is that if it were different by even a factor of ten, this universe would not exist.
And, this "constant" could not have existed in the time of the Big Bang and for several eons afterward as it is an expression of the relationship between the charge of the electron, the speed of light and Planck's constant. The universe was in a very, very dynamic state of flux during those original times and formative eons. The alpha (fine structure constant) ratio could not have existed in those times and must have formed over the period of time when matter and energy began to cool down and form into baryons, leptons and other distinct particles.
The thermodynamic equilibrium and the entropy of the non-local (or global) universe must have its origins with the background radiation temperature and fine structure constant (ratio) of the universe.
If (big if) the universe is "built" of embedded curved surfaces in a large surface as we suggested in our previous posting(s), the universe will continue to change. Eventually, the current universe may even undergo a phase change and increase the size of the so-called fine structure constant by altering the ratio between the speed of light in the newly forming phase structure of the global universe.
This proposed (hypothetical) change will bring about a universal global cooling or warming of the universe and ultimately affect the charge of the universal electrons. (Not to be confused with the current greenhouse theory of global warming of our planet - this warming is locally confined to our local environment).
A phase change in the global universal phase structure must bring about changes in the Planck constant, electron charge and even relativistic effects related to observations of electron charge.
In other words, even if we were able to do it, traveling along the current spacetime curvature to some future light cone might lead to an abrupt transition in the phase structure of the universe along that boundary curve. Ultimately, observing a future light cone might be catastrophic if one were to observe the future phase change of the universe. Traveling along this spacetime curvature might actually bring the observers in contact with a future, unexpected phase change of the universe. The current fine structure constant might conceivably change beyond its unknown boundaries. The nuclear structure of the global universal material might begin to fly apart.
Time travelers, beware...
Another implication suggested by Kleppner is what are the boundary conditions for this fine structure constant. We do not currently know now nor in the forseeable future.
If the inverse fine structure were to change by as much as 0.000000001 parts or even 0.00000001 parts (say in one of the proposed hypothetical phase change mechanisms above, would the universe retract or fly apart in an abrupt phase change. That is, if by observation a future light cone along the spacetime curvature, would some unsuspecting physicists bring about the end of the universe by altering the fine structure constant to the above mentioned parts. We just don't know.
Future cosmologists and physicists beware...
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